Google Web Picture Format (.webp)
RFC 標準WebP is a modern image format developed by Google that provides superior lossless and lossy compression for web images, supporting both alpha transparency and animated frames.
JPG を WEBP に変換
無料のブラウザ内 JPG から WEBP へのコンバーター。お使いのデバイスでファイルを即座に変換します。
WebPをオンラインで圧縮
ブラウザ内100%ローカル圧縮 — ファイルが外部サーバーに送信されることはありません
調査とメタデータ
オペレーティングシステムやファイル解析ツールは、先頭のバイナリバイトシーケンスを検査することで WebP ファイルを識別します:
バイトレベルのヘッダーシグネチャ (マジックバイト)
オペレーティングシステムやファイル解析ツールは、先頭のバイナリバイトシーケンスを検査することで WebP ファイルを識別します:
16進数シグネチャ (オフセット 0):
52 49 46 46ASCII表現: RIFF
標準化: RFC 6386 / RIFF Container Specification
技術仕様
| コンテナアーキテクチャ | Resource Interchange File Format (RIFF) container with 'WEBP' FourCC |
| 圧縮 | Lossy VP8 predictive intra-frame coding & Lossless VP8L spatial entropy coding |
| バイトエンディアン | Little-Endian for RIFF chunk sizes and container tags |
| 色空間 | sRGB, Embedded ICC Profiles (via VP8X extended header) |
| チャンネルと構造 | RGB + Alpha (8-bit per channel) |
| 最大寸法 | 16,383 x 16,383 pixels (14-bit unsigned integers) |
| 透過性 | Full 8-bit alpha channel transparency in both lossy and lossless modes |
| ストリーミングとプログレッシブ | Progressive decoding supported via incremental VP8 block decoding |
技術比較マトリックス: WebP 対 競合製品
| 技術属性 | WebP (現在) | JPEG | PNG | AVIF |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Supported Compression Modes | Both Lossy (VP8) and Lossless (VP8L) | Lossy only | Lossless only | Both Lossy (AV1) and Lossless |
| Alpha Transparency | Yes (both lossy and lossless) | No | Yes | Yes |
| Animation Support | Yes (multi-frame with frame delays) | No | Requires APNG extension | Yes (AVIF image sequences) |
| HDR / Wide Color Gamut | 8-bit sRGB only | 8-bit standard | 8-bit & 16-bit | 10-bit & 12-bit native HDR |
| Browser Support | 97%+ global support across all modern browsers | 100% universal | 100% universal | 93%+ modern browsers |
一般的な破損モードと16進数リカバリガイド
⚠️ Browser fails to display WebP image or shows broken image icon.
根本原因: RIFF payload length header (bytes 4-7) does not match the actual byte length on disk.
復旧: Recalculate total file size minus 8 bytes, and patch the 4-byte Little-Endian unsigned integer at offset 0x04.
⚠️ Decoder fails with 'Invalid FourCC: Expected WEBP'.
根本原因: Bytes 8-11 do not contain the ASCII characters 'WEBP'.
復旧: Verify offset 0x08 contains 0x57 0x45 0x42 0x50 ('WEBP') and that the chunk header matches 'VP8 ' or 'VP8L'.
セキュリティ分析とパーサー攻撃ベクトル
WebP parsing gained intense security scrutiny following CVE-2023-4863, leading to widespread sandbox hardening across all major web browsers.
既知の攻撃ベクター
- CVE-2023-4863: Heap buffer overflow in libwebp's BuildHuffmanTable function when parsing invalid lossless Huffman tables, allowing remote code execution.
- Integer overflow when decoding oversized animation frame canvas dimensions.
防御的ベストプラクティス: Ensure all client and server libraries use libwebp 1.3.2 or later. Decode WebP files in memory-sandboxed worker threads.
歴史的背景とマイルストーン
主な利点とメリット
- Lossy WebP images are 25%–35% smaller than comparable JPEG images at identical SSIM quality.
- Lossless WebP is typically 26% smaller than standard PNG.
- Single unified format handles photos, graphics with transparency, and lightweight animated clips.
技術的な制限とデメリット
- Maximum dimensions capped at 16,383 x 16,383 pixels, preventing ultra-high resolution panoramic imagery.
- Only supports 8-bit color depth (no native 10-bit or 12-bit HDR support).
- Encoding complex lossy images requires more CPU cycles than legacy JPEG encoders.
興味深い技術トリビア
- WebP is based on the keyframe intra-prediction algorithms of Google's open-source VP8 video codec.
- The RIFF container used by WebP is the exact same container architecture used by classic Microsoft AVI and WAV files.
- Animated WebP files are typically 60%–80% smaller than animated GIFs.
よくある技術的な質問
Can WebP completely replace both PNG and JPEG?
Yes. For web use, WebP provides superior compression for both photographic content (replacing JPEG) and transparent graphics (replacing PNG). Its universal browser support makes it a primary format for modern web optimization.
Why is WebP lossless compression more efficient than PNG?
WebP lossless uses advanced spatial predictors, color transform decorrelation, a localized color cache, and entropy-coded 2D transforms, resulting in files that are typically 26% smaller than optimal PNGs.
Does WebP support animation?
Yes. WebP supports multi-frame animation with variable frame delays, full alpha transparency per frame, and disposal methods, delivering 60%–80% smaller payloads than traditional animated GIFs.
関連するWebP変換ペア
Convert JPEG photos into modern WebP format to reduce web payload size by 25-35%.
Convert WebP images into universal JPEG format for legacy applications and older device compatibility.
Convert PNG graphics into lossless WebP format to save bandwidth while maintaining full alpha transparency.
Convert WebP images into standard PNG format for editing in graphics software.
Convert Animated WebP image sequences into universally supported animated GIF files.